What is the principle of thrust bearings? Introduction to the classification and working process of thrust bearings

What is the principle of thrust bearings? Introduction to the classification and working process of thrust bearings
The working principle of thrust bearings is to bear axial loads through Rolling Elements or sliding surfaces and transfer the loads to the supporting structure, while minimizing friction and wear to ensure the axial positioning and rotation accuracy of the shaft. The following introduces the working principles of rolling thrust bearings and sliding thrust bearings respectively:

✱ Rolling thrust bearings 
Rolling thrust bearings are generally composed of washers with raceways, rolling elements (such as Steel Balls or rollers), and cages. When the shaft is subjected to axial load, the load is transferred to the rolling elements through the shaft, and the rolling elements roll in the raceways of the washers. Since the rolling friction coefficient is much smaller than the sliding friction coefficient, it can withstand larger axial loads with smaller friction torque. The function of the cage is to evenly separate the rolling elements to prevent them from colliding and rubbing against each other, and to ensure that the rolling elements can roll stably in the raceways, thereby achieving effective bearing and transmission of axial forces.

✷ Sliding thrust bearings
Usually consist of thrust bearings and bearing seats. The thrust bearing contacts the end face of the shaft to form a sliding friction pair. During operation, an oil film is formed between the end face of the shaft and the thrust bearing. When the shaft rotates, the oil film plays a role of lubrication and load bearing between the shaft and the bearing. The pressure distribution of the oil film can balance the axial load and keep the shaft stable in the axial direction. At the same time, the existence of the oil film greatly reduces the friction coefficient between the shaft and the bearing, reduces wear and heat, and ensures the normal operation of the bearing. This method of relying on oil film lubrication and load bearing makes the sliding thrust bearing have good performance in some high-speed and heavy-load occasions.